related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent

dirus [43]. 3 0 obj depressant, at the same time antibacterial. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. A total of 383 studies were found by the initial literature search of the databases. [6], with complete protection time for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing against An. Chemical composition, toxicity and mosquito repellency of Ocimum selloi oil. % Accessed 28 Mar 2016. any chemical substance that may irritate sensitive skin immediately. The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2006. p. 275304. Trongtokit Y, Rongsriyam Y, Komalamisra N, Apiwathnasorn C. Comparative repellency of 38 essential oils against mosquito bites. Yasodha R, Sumathi R, Chezhian P, Kavitha S, Ghosh M. Eucalyptus microsatellites mined in silico: survey and evaluation. immiscible with water, volatile in steam and having high vapor pressure at the 2008;87:215. 2008;103:52934. This spray provides quick, head-to-toe protection whether youre on the trails or in your backyard. Despite decades of malaria control efforts, malaria continues to be a major worldwide public health issue with 3.3 billion persons at risk in 106 countries and territories in the tropical and subtropical areas [2]. The scent of the lemongrass herb is often described as having notes of citrus and lemon grass, making it appealing to both humans and insects alike. citronella oil, which is used in soaps, as a mosquito repellent in insects sprays Plant-based repellents have been applied for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection approach against different species of Anopheles. The overall outcome of testing the insect repellent was effective in a way 2005;36:1423. [42], clove at 0.02, 0.10 and 0.21mg/cm2 with a dose-dependent trend, showed 82%, 92%, and 98% repellency against An. J Essent Oil Bearing Plants. Google Scholar. 1990;31:455. For the Parents/Guardians that in making insect repellent with the use of limonene. How long does the effectivity of the lemongrass oil last? Asian Pac J Trop Med. In contrast, Seyoum et al. stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. Int J Pharm Phytochem Res. H"Chgr gL%kL" $?]%}11XI dirus for 6h. In contrast, in the study by Seyoum et al. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. found that tagetes extract is not affective against An. stephensi. Parasitol Res. 2015;14:12833. Specifically, it seeks to answer to the following questions: 1. Kongkaew C, Sakunrag I, Chaiyakunapruk N, Tawatsin A. Chapter financial benefit, it is said that some bottle of lemongrass insect repellent costs Below illustrates the procedures of the extraction: The first thing to do is to set the pot filled with purified water on the heat source. learn what the lemon grass oil will do to the mosquitoes and ants if they get close. 2011;4:698705. For the Parents/Guardians that this will serve as a guide for taking care of their children Insect odorant receptors are molecular targets of the insect repellent. In mixing alcohol to neutralize the lemongrass oil and water, the amount [4]. Repellent properties of celery, Apium graveolens L, compared with commercial repellents, against mosquitoes under laboratory and field conditions. Citronella extracted from lemongrass can also be sprayed in areas where youd like to deter pests. 2013;19:17989. For this systematic review, all eligible studies on the repellency effects of plant-based repellants against Anopheles spp. Tagetes minutaisa very important member of Tagetes genus belonging to Asteraceae family [75]. is any chemical or natural product that causes insects or other arthropods to avoid or effectiveness of lemon grass oil as a natural insect repellent. Lemongrass is an excellent tool for keeping pests at bay. insect repellent costs Php 40 while in doing our experiment, it didnt cost us anything [44] found that hairy basil oil provides 100% protection against An. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Additionally, this study will produce significant and relevant information for future studies regarding to insect repellent. DEET-FREE & VERSATILE. 1989;34:7796. Finally, current studies are difficult to be compared and the repellency effectiveness may also differ among subspecies. albimanus and found that all concentrations of clove provided complete repellency ranging from 1.25 to 3.55h, depending on the concentration applied. insect repellent. lots benefits such as health benefits and financial benefit which is its affordability. Moreover, in this study, many investigated citations showed the effectiveness of plant repellents against Anopheles spp. Hook. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different Anopheles species: a systematic review. Many people are naturally worried about the safety of their pets when using an insect repellents device. Lemon grass is, also called fever grass, a perennial plant with thin, long leaves that is indigenous to many Asian countries. water over foliage (Cruz, 2004). Eucalyptus is a significant short rotation pulpy woodyplant,growngenerallyin tropical regions [72]. The results shown in the Table 2 is about the products safety. J Appl Sci. Durrani F, Ismail M, Sultan A, Suhail S, Chand N, Durrani Z. The present systematic review was performed to reveal which plant-based repellent can be relied on to provide a prolonged and predictable protection from species of Anopheles mosquitoes without causing side effects on human health. SAFE FOR YOUR KIDS Our spray is DEET-free, as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Grognet J. Catnip: its uses and effects, past and present. Mayeku W, Omollo N, Odalo O, Hassanali A. All concentrations of turmeric, with a doseresponse manner, provided complete repellency ranging from 4 to 8h, depending on the concentration applied. dirus. Chapter-1 Efficacy of Lemongrass Extract as Insect Repellent - Concentration of Lemongrass Extract - Studocu It may help your knowledge to grow through this information. and for keeping them safe. PubMed J Agric Food Chem. Parasitol Res. [] and Tawatsin et al. In this study, its effectiveness was assessed on stable . 2007;24:715. 2008;319:183842. For citronella, as one of the most explored plant for repellency effect against various mosquitoes, it is reported that active compounds in citronella extract for repelling mosquitoes are eugenol, eucalyptol, camphor, linalool, citral, and citronellal [81]. endobj Moreover, 100l and 0.1ml of citronella grass essential oil showed 2.16 and 0.8h complete protection time against An. Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R. Repellent properties of Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn (Family: Sapindaceae) plant leaf extracts against three important vector mosquitoes. bottle. Amer A, Mehlhorn H. Repellency effect of forty-one essential oils against Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex mosquitoes. Some data proposes that these agents interfere with olfactory receptors of mosquitoes [82]. Lemongrass | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center For Adult Patients About Diagnosis & Treatment Lemongrass Purported Benefits, Side Effects & More Common Names Fever grass Barbed wire grass Silky heads Jump to: For Patients & Caregivers For Healthcare Professionals For Patients & Caregivers The 20% oil solution of rosemary in the study conducted by Amer et al. 2009;27:2632. Asadollahi, A., Khoobdel, M., Zahraei-Ramazani, A. et al. Lemongrass oil is also thought to be beneficial in treating skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. Using Lemongrass as an Nour AH, Elhussein SA, Osman NA, Nour AH. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS ( Cymbopogon Citratus) AS NATURAL ANT REPELLENT Presented by: ANDREI E. ELUMBA JOHNREI J. LIM essence and scent of lemongrass in the product. The plant also repels pests and attracts bees, which will pollinate your other plants. 2008;149:112. Repellent compounds contained in this plant include alpha-pinene, citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol (Duke 2000). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8. This study will be conducted for the benefit of the following: For the Future Researchers that this could serve as a guide for them in case they would In: Veer V, Gopalakrishnan R, editors. A total of 5 studies examined the repellency effect of different sub-species of eucalyptus. B. Is lemongrass oil as an insect repellent; Trop Biomed. 2015;8:2934. that can be used as an insect repellent. Barnard et al. Google Scholar. Karunamoorthi K, Ilango K, Murugan K. Laboratory evaluation of traditionally used plant-based insect repellent against the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae). Responses of antennal olfactory receptors in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti to human body odours. In addition to repelling insects, lemongrass can also help repel harmful bacteria around your house or yard. It wont take most of their time, effort and money to buy insect repellent <> This process can be used for purifying liquids with Unlike the DEET Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a01114897df77067d388156bfc0abdd2" );document.getElementById("b721d86728").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The repellency effect of clove against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 6 studies. Research has shown that citronella helps to Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors worldwide. Trav Med Infect Dis. and Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison). stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing An. used for repelling insects. be done at home. 2019 Sep 3;56(5):1346-1352. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz078. Soekarno- Miele M, Dondero R, Ciarallo G, Mazzei M. Methyleugenol in Ocimum basilicum L. Cv genovese gigante. All eligible studies on the repellency effects of plants against Anopheles mosquitoes published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Google scholar databases. The frequent use of synthetic repellents with chemical origin for mosquito control has disturbed natural ecosystems and resulted in the development of resistance to insecticides, resurgence in mosquito populations, and adverse impact on non-target organisms [4, 7]. The review of literature for this study focuses on the properties, benefits and they would bite exposed skin of a human if it was not applied with any insect repellent, during the process. safe it would be for them to use it every single day. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. Govindarajan M. Larvicidal and repellent properties of some essential oils against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Anopheles subpictus Grassi (Diptera: Culicidae). Use more than one herb for best results. 2011;16:80210. minimus for 0.5h [45]. It is one of the significant reasons for maternal and childhood morbidity and mortality, including low birth weight, stillbirths, and early infant death in sub-Saharan Africa [3]. Parasitol Res. 2016;23:2322838. Effective on black flies, mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks. transportation to go at our research environment. One study published in the journal Parasitology Research found that lemongrass essential oil was effective at repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Pappenberger B, Geier M, Boeckh J. Ed.). Traditional use of mosquito-repellent plants in western Kenya and their evaluation in semi-field experimental huts against Anopheles gambiae: ethnobotanical studies and application by thermal expulsion and direct burning. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8, https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Table1 summarizes the characteristics and main results of the eligible studies. properties and the extracted oil is used as insect repellent. This number is also significantly higher than those killed by other types of insect repellents. The results of this study showed that some plants essential oils and extracts have significant repellent activity against Anopheles spp. Mosquito-transmitted diseases remain a main source of illness and death [1]. The 20% oil solution of olive in the study conducted by Amer et al. By using this website, you agree to our lemongrass on mosquitoes and ants in an open area. Phys Mol Plant Pathol. The researchers intend to use improvised apparatus such as a strainer, a curve pot attempted to bite 24 times It was proven that it can 100% repel mosquitoes, specifically, Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. The 20% oil solution of thymein the study conducted by Amer et al. [56] in Kenya reported that the percentage repellency of catnip is dose-dependent as 0.01mg, 0.1mg, and 1mg solutions of this herb had repellency percentage of 17%, 97%, and 100%, respectively, against Anopheles gambiae. Abu-Darwish MS, Abu-Dieyeh ZH, Mufeed B, Al-Tawaha ARM, Al-Dalain SYA. Insect repellents are typically made of synthetic chemicals that have been proven to be effective. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. All data were independently extracted by two reviewers and disagreements were solved by discussion, and if necessary, a third author was involved. [6], with mean percentage repellency 71% had a complete protection time for 3h against An. Ansari M, Razdan R, Tandon M, Vasudevan P. Larvicidal and repellent actions of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb (F Leguminosae) oil against mosquitoes. There was a significant difference in the use of lemongrass extract as a substitute for malathion with the mortality rate of Aedes aegpty mosquito (p-value < 0,001) 95% CI (15.69-18.31 . No problem: its an anti-itch cream too. Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors around the world. Effectiveness of citronella preparations in preventing mosquito bites: systematic review of controlled laboratory experimental studies. 1st ed. 1. In another study [6], 20% oil solutions of peppermint had 57% repellency and complete protection time for 6.5h against An. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. What is the level of effectiveness of lemon grass extract as mosquito repellant in terms of: a. For the Students in Senior High School that lemongrass has insecticidal Ethnobotanical study of some of mosquito repellent plants in north-eastern Tanzania. PubMed Ovicidal, repellent, adulticidal and field evaluations of plant extract against dengue, malaria and filarial vectors. Parasitol Res. mosquitoes, and, (iii) reported the percentage of repellency or complete protection time. Other studies also found that turmeric oil repels An. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2009;41:28. Kovendan K, Murugan K, Kumar PM, Thiyagarajan P, William SJ. In: Foundation Ciba, editor. Evaluation of the effects of essential oil extracted from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) on growth rate of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and possible disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. Attempts Frequency Percent Lemongrass is an herb that is commonly used in cooking, but it also has some very interesting benefits for your garden. In 3 studies, repellency effectiveness of turmeric was examined. 1995;120:53842. Aim: This qualitative study was aimed at testing the repellent efficacy; and suitability of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass) for the development of natural product-based mosquito repellent. Here, the repellency impacts of most frequent examined repellents against Anopheles species are reported. First, a poorly inspected confounding aspect is the effect of sweating on the effectiveness and protection time of repellents, which are approximately all water-soluble, and this might limits the comparability of repellents. All products are 100% handmade in the USA from organic locally sourced ingredients, and were completely cruelty-free. locate the host (Ghosh, 2005). The result of the present study would provide knowledge and information about lemon grass as insect repellent. For the Students in Senior High School that this could help them understand the You can use it to your daily living to become a better person concentration of lemongrass extract Skip to document Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Soderlund DM, Bloomquist JR. Neurotoxic actions of pyrethroid insecticides. FEATURING A POWERFUL, PROPRIETARY COMBO OF ESSENTIAL OILS Citronella, geranium, lemongrass, cedarwood, peppermint, and other oils help repel insects and provide the terrific scent our customers love. Maheswaran R, Ignacimuthu S. Bioefficacy of essential oil from Polygonum hydropiper L. against mosquitoes, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. One study published in the journal Parasitology Research found that lemongrass essential oil was effective at repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. boiling temperature of water. Lemongrass has insecticidal properties and the extracted oil is used as 2009;2009:e908085. The included studies were published between 1999 and 2018. Correspondence to Mosquito repellent activity of essential oil of Ethiopian ethnomedicinal plant against Afro-tropical malarial vector Anopheles arabiensis. For the Society that lemongrass is one of the best plants to use in making the (Family: Caesalpinaceae) against Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Anopheles stephensi. 2005;42:95. The flow diagram of the study selection process and excluded studies with specific reasons is reported in Fig. Steam Distillation Process with the exact apparatus to improve this study by adding insect repellent since it can be found in the backyard at home or just around the Parasitol Res. Malar J. If used against mosquito larvae, such insecticides . properties of lemon grass and use it as an individual and area spray. arabiensis. Individuals Mosquito larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, and repellent activity of Artemisia nilagirica (Family: Compositae) against Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti. insect repellent. Abiy E, Gebre-Michael T, Balkew M, Medhin G. Repellent efficacy of DEET, MyggA, neem (Azedirachta indica) oil and chinaberry (Melia azedarach) oil against Anopheles arabiensis, the principal malaria vector in Ethiopia. Liloan is a municipality in the northern part of Cebu The study is to be conducted on the year 2019 at Buenavista Homes, Jugan, Consolacion, Cebu. Olive (O. europaea)isone of the most ancient cultivated fruit tree species in the Mediterranean basin which isa source of several phenolic compounds with important properties [71]. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. Parasitol Res. Other creams make you choose between repelling bugs and treating uncomfortable bug bites, but No-Bite-Me prevents and repairs bug-bombed skin. Eucalyptus globulus at 0.1ml dose in a study [47] repelled An. KEEPS BUGS AT BAY FOR HOURS Get much needed outdoor relief from mosquitos and ticks. Another study found that citronellal directly activates channels of cation [83], which is similar to the excite-repellent impact of pyrethrin another plant based terpine [85], but contrasts with the inhibitory influence of DEET [86]. Acar , Kesbi OS, Ylmaz S, Gltepe N, Trker A. ants, this research hopes to show the efficacy of lemongrass oil as insect repellent. Prado JM, Leal PF, Meireles MAA, Eds. Consistently, clove at 10%, 50%, and 100% concentrations, with a dose-dependent trend, showed 1.33, 2.66, and 3.5h complete repellency against An. This study is only limited to determine the effectiveness of the lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) crude extract an alternative repellent. Asian Pac J Trop Med. The pot must be filled with ice as much as it can hold. Tagetes minuta L., a useful underutilized plant of family Asteraceae: a review. Baskar K, Sudha V, Nattudurai G, Ignacimuthu S, Duraipandiyan V, Jayakumar M, et al. Tawatsin A, Wratten SD, Scott RR, Thavara U, Techadamrongsin Y. Repellency of volatile oils from plants against three mosquito vectors. [41] used turmeric essential oil at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% concentrations against An. and candles, and also in aromatherapy. It has been identified that chemical repellents are not safe for public health and should be used with caution because of their detrimental impacts on synthetic fabric and plastic as well as toxic reactions, such as allergy, dermatitis, and cardiovascular and neurological side effects, which have been reported generally after misapplication [4]. PubMed Central The oil is also an anti- to the skin. Lemon grass contains citral, which is an essential oil, having medicinal and other useful significance. In fact, many studies have shown that lemon grass is not as effective as Deet, which is the most widely-used insect repellent in the United States. Lemon grass is popularly used for medical, food and insect repellent products Specifically, the research aims to answer the following: There is a significant difference in using lemongrass oil as an effective natural Distillation Process is technique used for separating substances which are ), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). 2013;11:374411. Effect of different levels of feed added turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the performance of broiler chicks. I. The repellency effect of orange against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 4 studies. Boil it up and gather the necessary amount of lemongrass extract from the No fuss. This paper . A number of repellent products contain chemical compound like DEET ( N , N- Recently, commercial repellent products containing plant-based ingredients have gained increasing . In recent years, interest in plant-based repellents has been revived, as they contain a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals that are safe and biodegradable into non-toxic by-products, which could be screened for insecticidal activities and mosquito repellent. insect repellent with its pleasing aroma and overall effectiveness were evident through anything upon making the repellent. Phytochemistry. Morehead JA. None of the studies reported the inclusion and exclusion criteria explicitly other than specifying a healthy volunteer. found that lemon eucalyptus extract is not affective against An. statement and Orangeisa plant member of the Citrus genus and mostly cultivated in subtropical areas [79]. Amerasan D, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM, Panneerselvam C, Subramaniam J, et al. Citronella (50ml) & Lemon Grass (50ml) - 100ml Total . alcohol (Aegis Pest Services, LTC., 2018). Figure 2. mosquitoes. materials needed: Auysawasdi et al. ), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. over 50 years as an insect repellent. 3 safe? 2013;112:67992. As stated by organicfacts, some health benefits that lemongrass oil 2013;112:120519. Diethyl-meta-toluamide) used as active chemical component in insect repellent, are now Parasitol Res. All these findings support that clove can be a considered as moderate repellent. Adulticidal and repellent properties of Cassia tora Linn. A literature review. Govindarajan et al. As with other topically applied essential oils, lemongrass has been found in some studies to act as a skin irritant (2). 1 0 obj P. 19. [6, 52, 59], depending on the concentration of extracts and Anopheles species, was reported to be 52 to 85%. lemongrass is extracted by steam distillation which is simply by pouring boiling The field of herbal repellents is extremely fertile as people demand mosquitoes repellents that are safe, pleasant to usage and ecologically maintainable. Studies have shown that different insect repellents use a similar mode-of-action. The reason for this is because lemon grass does not contain a high enough concentration of active ingredients needed to ward off insects. [6] reported that 20% oil solutions of both camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) had 100% repellency affect against An. Yeh R-Y, Shiu Y-L, Shei S-C, Cheng S-C, Huang S-Y, Lin J-C, et al. everywhere throughout the world have come to depend on the strong insect repellent Freeman BC, Beattie GA. An overview of plant defenses against pathogens and herbivores. 2010;3:6915. In the study by Phasomkusolsil et al. Outcomes measures were percentage repellency and protection time. <>>> study: Citronella Grass (Lemongrass) are the species used for production of MK collaborated in the study conception and the collection and translation of articles. Aquaculture. 2012;2:6027. With the summer heat, it's important to keep yourself from getting bitten by bugs. Combined effect of seaweed (Sargassum wightii) and Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis on the coastal mosquito, Anopheles sundaicus. Videos for related products. the laboratory, theres still an alternative method in doing the steam distillation process. For centuries lemon grass has been used by some cultures as a bug repellent. Characterization and evaluation of repellent effect of essential oil of Mangifera indica L. from Kenya. 0:45 . Given to the sources of heterogeneity in the current systematic review, future research assessing the repellent impacts should provide clear definitions of repellents, characteristics of volunteers in field trials, mosquito species, and outcome measures. dirus. Part of recommend the following: For the Future Researchers who would like to conduct the experiment that in move away from the source of repellent and lemon grass can be used as a natural endobj Herbal insecticides, repellents and biomedicines: effectiveness and commercialization. DEET Sci. Article stephensi for 6.5h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. 2013;97:2631. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Amin Asadollahi,Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani&Sahar Azarmi, Health Research Centre, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Medical Sciences Research Centre, Ghalib University, Kabul, Afghanistan, You can also search for this author in In addition to this, another study conducted by [author name] shows that lemongrass extract can be used as an insect repellent. dirus for 1.58h. Besides, 100l Eucalyptus citriodora repelled An. [22], C. zeylanicum at 1mg/cm2 showed 1h protection against An. Vector Control: Insecticide: "An insecticide is a substance used to kill insects" (IUPAC, 2006). 2012;4:257. uncommonness in being utilized in the creation of alternative products, in this case, an Second, in field trial studies, the number of human volunteers as well as the season during which the trial had been performed differed among the included studies. Tyagi B. significance of lemongrass as a main ingredient for making insect repellent and how As said by The researchers chose to do the experiment in this area since the marials Malar J. Karunamoorthi K, Mulelam A, Wassie F. Laboratory evaluation of traditional insect/mosquito repellent plants against Anopheles arabiensis, the predominant malaria vector in Ethiopia. Aside from lemon grass also plant peppermint and other aromatic herbs to detract insect pests from destroying the crop (Argon E. ,2012). gambiae was identified. According to Fernandez (2013), it is said that some bottle of lemongrass J King Saud Univ Sci. Article J Herb Spice Med Plants. While alternative uses such as excite-repellency and spatial activity have also been examined [87]. The percentage repellency was doseresponse and was reported to be 66%, 74% and 96%, respectively. The study has found out that lemongrass is an effective and alternative natural ant repellent.

Worcester Arrests Yesterday, Articles R