glossary of religious terms

Adj. Someone who lacks professional knowledge of a particular profession is called a layman. eparchial. As a born and raised Catholic who has worked in Muslim countries for more years than I can remember and who thinks of himself as a Buddhist, I found your list quite limited. The process by which a priest is returned to the lay state. First century Christians writers adopted the word to mean assembly of believers, or church.. He is the father of Isaac by Sarah (Genesis 12.25), and the Friend of God and Father of Ishmael by Hagar (Quran 37.83-113), and the exemplar of faith. Most are heads of major dioceses around the world or of the major departments of the Vatican, or are retired from such posts. millenarianism Anabaptist is a general term for several Reformation movements that insisted on the baptism of adult believers, as opposed to infant baptism, and who generally rejected the establishment of Protestant state churches. for more. collegiality. episcopal. It is also called anepiscopal conference. eparchy. There was a brief period, from 1984 to 1991, when the Vatican ambassador to the United States was called thepro-nunciobecause he was not the dean of the world's ambassadors to the United States (a position that under a Vienna convention is automatically given to the Vatican ambassador in many countries but in other countries is given to the senior foreign ambassador, wherever he is from). The head of an archeparchy is called anarcheparch, but in most contexts he can be called anarchbishop. In some rare cases a member of the clergy will be denied certain faculties, such as hearing confessions or preaching during the liturgy, because of public positions taken that are not in accord with church teaching. He is remembered for his strong role in the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (beginning in 1957), in the Selma to Montgomery March (1965), in the March on Washington (1965), and for his leadership in the Civil Rights movement throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Seearcheparchy. Much theological debate has focused on whether the free gift of God's grace is a necessary precondition for all good works, and the role that human freewill plays in co-operating with grace. Philip Dragonetti Monotheism still fits with the perplexing let Us make Man in Our Image in the Christian concept pf the Trinity which is not mentioned in the bible, but extrapolated from the whole, that God is a single entity consisting of 3 expressions. For example John 1:1 refers to the Son as the creative expression of God and the Word (an expressive attribute) and the Spirit is considered to be the Power of God expressed. A term applied to the Sikh Scriptures, meaning the words are as sweet as nectar (amrit). A promise made to God with sufficient knowledge and freedom. The chief diocese of an ecclesiastical province (seeprovinceandmetropolitan). also its my understanding that Hinduism is multi-theistic. ministry. Protestants had a much wider concept than Catholics of what constituted idolatry. Church law explicitly rejects this interpretation, saying that children of a putative marriage are legitimate even if the marriage is later judged to be invalid. One may hope that even more experienced journalists will find one or two new insights here. metropolitan. Gnostic mystery religions abounded in the Roman Empire. In the documents of the Second Vatican Council, however, the laity are those who are neither ordained nor members of a religious order. Also known as thepriests' council, this is the principal consultative body mandated by theCode of Canon Lawto advise the diocesan bishop in matters of pastoral governance. Genesis says: lay ecclesial ministry. A cardinal is a high-ranking office in the Roman Catholic Church, conferred by the Pope and involving both ecclesiastical and administrative duties on behalf of the church. episcopal: having to do with a bishop. Prol. hinduisms devas are not exactly the same as western gods. Daniel G. Reid et al., Dictionary of Christianity in America (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1990), This definition of covenant is from O. Palmer Robertson's book, Circumcision controversy in early Christianity, emphasizing the letter of law at the expense of the spirit, epochal relationship of restoration and peace, Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament, Merriam-Webster.com: dictionary, "Christendom", Catholic Encyclopedia: Chronology of the Life of Jesus Christ, Architecture of cathedrals and great churches, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Christianity&oldid=1132349412, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using sidebar with the child parameter, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Wikipedia glossaries using unordered lists, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 8 January 2023, at 13:15. A chaplain is a member of the clergy who serves in a prison, a hospital, a college, or some other institution outside the context of the normal congregational life of a religious community. He is presumed to have lived sometime in the period 2000-1700 BCE. beliefs associated with the Dutch theologian, Jacobus Arminius (1560-1609), who came to deny predestination - a kind of Calvinist 'heresy'. The chancel is the part of church, often elevated by a few steps, where the altar and pulpit are located. faculty. 3 attributes expressions of a monotheistic entity. The termordinarywas formerly restricted to diocesan bishops and major superiors of religious orders, but it was expanded in the 1983Code of Canon Lawto include vicars general and episcopal vicars. Buddhism. Still having trouble with the concept, if youll pardon me. Children from a putative marriage are considered legitimate even if the marriage is later ruled to be invalid. province. But there are some titular sees in the United States as well, such as Bardstown, Ky. (original seat of what is now the Archdiocese of Louisville), or Jamestown, N.D. (now in the Diocese of Fargo). Let us make Man in our own image.. It is the highest diocesan position open to women. Youre right, there are plenty of other useful words. The word is also used to describe a type of Christian belief that emphasizes the inerrancy of scripture and salvation through personal conversion. (NB Arminians, not Armenians, a people from the Caucasus!). katherine F. (United States of America) This list includes types of religions, books of study, and words related to basic beliefs. Since the 4th century this observance has been held on December 25 in the Western church. nihilism: the viewpoint that all traditional beliefs are unfounded and that human life has no meaning. We value your privacy and use cookies to remember your shopping preferences and to analyze our website traffic. Catholicism taught that scripture was supplemented by the tradition of the Church, and that the Church was the authoritative interpreter of scripture. Often associated with a 'hard' line over grace [qv], stressing that people can do little by their own efforts, and everything comes from God. They assume a variety of forms, but are frequently depicted as having human or animal form. a religious event to celebrate or mark an occurrence for a person or community. It is governed by an archbishop. This depends on a philosophical distinction between the accidents and substance of an object. By canon law, he is also vicar general of the diocese. The Schleitheim Confession (1527) also rejects military service, violence, and the swearing of oaths by conscientious Christians. In the United States there are 15 Eastern Church dioceses and two Eastern Church archdioceses. The Christian equivalent word is crusade, a campaign or war sanctioned by the Church against unbelievers or heretics. Literal crusades were common in the Middle Ages and were directed against Christian heretics as well as non-Christians. It ordinarily does not come into play in news coverage of the Vatican, but it may do so in certain limited contexts. If I know something, there is no faith involved. In its general sense chastity does not mean abstinence from sexual activity as such, but rather moral sexual conduct. These days religion is front page news. In a 2005 document,Co-Workers in the Vineyard of the Lord, the U.S. bishops encouraged the growth of lay ecclesial ministry and set out general guidelines for the formation and the recognition or certification of such ministers. In this glossary, you will find definitions of common religious freedom and First Amendment terms and phrases, as compiled by our experts, for your greater understanding. (2) A grouping of communities of a religious order under the jurisdiction of a provincial superior. mass, the Faith is a commitment of action or belief based on certain evidences, though all supporting facts remain unknown. Some words I think are useful: pantheism, gentile. consistory. Modern paganism is earth-centered and can include polytheistic beliefs. In 1991 the Vatican quit usingpro-nuncioas the title for its ambassadors who were not deans of the ambassadorial corps and began calling all papal representatives with full rank of ambassadornuncio. In a country with which the Vatican does not have diplomatic relations, the official Vatican liaison with the church there is called anapostolic delegate. Now it can be administered to anyone who is seriously or chronically ill. see. The first three are also called thesacraments of Christian initiation, and in the Eastern Catholic and Orthodox traditions they are administered together in infancy. It can include ordained ministry such as liturgical leadership and administration of the sacraments, or lay ministry such as instructing children in the faith, serving the poor, visiting the sick, or being an altar server, reader or music leader at Mass. Thanks. The personnel and offices assisting the bishop in directing the pastoral activity, administration and exercise of judicial power of a diocese. eschatology: the study of matters relating to the ultimate destiny of mankind and the world. In 1966, the conference was reorganized as the canonical entity known as the National Conference of Catholic Bishops and its twin civil corporation known as the U.S. Catholic Conference. Amrit Vaila. Catholics, like Orthodox Christians, believe that there are seven sacraments:baptism,confirmation,Eucharist,penance,matrimony,holy ordersand theanointing of the sick. Most parishes are formed on a geographic basis, but they may be formed along national or ethnic lines. Ill put it here and probably insert it where Id intended for it to appear: @bad tim, You can update your cookie preferences at any time. GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED BY REGNUM CHRISTI AND LEGION OF CHRIST Often found in Legion and Regnum Literature Apostolic School A kind of boys Junior Seminary (residential setting) either at a middle and/or high school level where students have limited access to their families for long periods of time. Which kind of religious attitude should bear the name Atheist?? The literal meaning of the word is good news.. Im sure I could come up with more. ?the one who just disbelieves in God, or the one who claims there is no god??? See that entry. Gnosticism: the belief that salvation is to be obtained by means of secret knowledge and that the material world is evil. superior. The topic of religion, like that of ecology, is one that concerns all human beings. Comment on Anglicanism. It is occasionally used as a synonym for " interfaith ." Unfortunately, the term "faith" is defined differently by various religious groups. Every field has specialized terms, and the field of religious freedom is no different. If a church official uses the term in this more restricted former use, it is wise to question him or her on what he or she means by the term. church. The Orthodox Churches, also called Eastern Orthodox, are a group of Churches that split from the Church in Rome around the 11th century. Christian churches which share partially in the historic apostolic communities of Christian discipleship, but which in the Catholic Church's perspective do not have the fullness of apostolic succession in their bishops or ordained ministry, are calledecclesial communions, rather than churches. In this legal sense women religious (sisters) and unordained men religious (brothers) are laity. See also Terminology Differences by Sandra Tanner. Holy war is only an extremist (read minority) understanding of the word. orMgr. idolatry The general term for all the church's official acts of worship. (I am not opening up a debate on that subject). If you dont believe in a god, you are an atheist you are not an agnostic just cause you accept the theoretical possibility. (1) Why did you take the time to define the other religions, then not define Islam, in fact the only Muslim word you have on there is jihad, which actually is understood by the majority of muslims as Struggle, mostly an internal struggle to adhere to the ways of Islam. An ancient name for the English people was Angles. The Church of England traces its beginning to 597, the year in which Pope Gregory I sent St. Augustine to Canterbury. religious: [adjective] relating to or manifesting faithful devotion to an acknowledged ultimate reality or deity. A religious syllable or poem, typically from the Sanskrit language. Church authorization, given by the law itself or by a church superior, to perform certain official church acts. Copyright 2023 The President and Fellows of Harvard College, Native American Traditions Glossary Terms. For many members of religious orders, the short version of their order's name may precede the religious title:Mercy Sister Mary Smith,Jesuit Father John Smith,Benedictine Brother Peter Smith. The word heathen is used pejoratively to mean a person without religion. a (1) : the service and worship of God or the supernatural (2) : commitment or devotion to religious faith or observance b : the state of a religious a nun in her 20th year of religion 3 : a cause, principle, or system of beliefs held to with ardor and faith 4 archaic : scrupulous conformity : conscientiousness religionless ri-li-jn-ls adjective the sacrament by which Christians express sorrow for sin, and receive God's forgiveness. 'Roman Catholic' can be used after about 1560. In the canon law of the Eastern Catholic Churches,hierarchsis a term regularly used to describe the bishops of a church when describing their collective authority or function. It refers to the number of years since the birth of Yeshua of Nazareth, a.k.a. The archbishop who heads that province is called themetropolitan, but usually only in contexts referring to him in his capacity as head of the province. I linked my World Religions class to it! Pastoris not ordinarily used as a title before the name of a Catholic priest: He isFatherJohn Smith orMsgr. In English the standard abbreviation as a title before the name isMsgr. The religious vow of chastity taken by brothers, sisters and priests in religious orders is a religious promise to God to live the virtue of chastity by not marrying and by abstaining from sexual activity. the sacrament [qv] in which bread and wine is blessed or consecrated and then consumed (the communion). The word is from Greek orthodoxein, to have the right opinion. The noun is orthodoxy. Hinduism: a body of social, cultural, and religious beliefs and practices found chiefly in India. Catholics also recognize the mainline Orthodox churches as churches; and until the recent ordination of women in several Old Catholic churches of the Union of Utrecht, the Catholic Church had recognized Union of Utrecht churches as churches. Men and women entering religious life take vows, typically of poverty, chastity and obedience. The word can also be used as a verb meaning to treat something sacred with irreverence.. Once consecrated, the matter of the Eucharist is believed to be bread and wine in appearance only, with its metaphysical substance completely transformed into Christs Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity. as the religious title before the name of bishops and archbishops, not just before the name of priests who have received that honorary ecclesiastical title from the pope. the various texts of church services (adj. The change is called transubstantiation, and the doctrine of the literal presence of Jesus is called the Real Presence. He may be assisted by auxiliary bishops or a coadjutor bishop (seeauxiliary bishopandcoadjutor). Strictly, the title applies to women religious of those institutes, mostly formed during or since the 19th century, whose members do not profess solemn vows. celibacy. agnosticism: the philosophical position that the existence or non-existence of God or a First Cause is unknowable. The highest order of ordained ministry in Catholic teaching. -. Mtali The term does not appear with this definition in most English dictionaries, which is part of the reason it is listed here. Ill give some thoughts to how additional words might be grouped. The glossary also contains the . Many titular sees are ancient cities of the Middle East or Northern Africa. The difference between a religious congregation and a religious order is technical and rarely of significance in news reporting. Amritdhari. This position, strongly affirmed by the world's Catholic bishops at the Second Vatican Council and reaffirmed in numerous church documents since then, remains a topic of considerable disagreement in ecumenical dialogues. Puja (pooja): The ritualistic worship of a deity. Eastern Catholics and Orthodox usually refer to confirmation aschrismation. iconographical). The information contained here has been gathered from a variety of . Glossary of Religion Terms. Angels are common to Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam. What do Muslims believe? A particular church; the ordinary territorial division of the church headed by a bishop. grace Their liturgy and mysticism is more similar to Catholicism than to any other Christian denomination, but has some important distinctions. often used to mean members of religious orders (ie not just modern sense of 'pious'). An honorary ecclesiastical title granted by the pope to some diocesan priests. They only seem like different things to the mind determined to see religion where there is none atheism, of course, isnt a religious attitude at all. The Vatican II sense is the one usually intended in most discussions of laypeople and their role in the church. Thanks for this. brother. Template:Dictdef The following is a glossary of terms and concepts in Hinduism. Another name for a diocese or archdiocese. C. Compelling State Interest. indulgence: in Roman Catholicism, a remission of punishment, especially punishment in Purgatory (in Catholic belief, Purgatory is an intermediate place of purification for souls that departed stained with minor sins not deserving of eternal punishment in Hell). sacraments. Most Atheists I have come across claim There is no God! Which kind of religious attitude should bear the name Atheist?? Protestant churches of Switzerland and southern Germany who drew their inspiration from the Swiss reformers rather than from Luther. Abrahamic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. multifaith): An attempt to initiate dialog, cooperation, and understanding among individuals of many different faiths. In Catholic usage, a collective term referring to all those ordainedbishops, priests and deaconswho administer the rites of the church. Whether we care about it or not, we ought to be able to read and write about religion with some understanding of the terminology. members of the Church who do not belong to the clergy. The Church of England remained under papal authority until 1534 when Henry VIII declared himself the Supreme Head of the Church because of conflicts with Pope Clement VII. liturgical). Auxiliary bishops and bishops in Vatican service are examples of those given titular sees. Backslide - To go back to old sins or habits that one once had victory over. sacrament In addition to their diocesan responsibilities, all bishops have a responsibility to act in council with other bishops to guide the church. The central act of worship in the Catholic Church. Somehow it has dropped out of the post. Whether in a diocese or archdiocese, his title isbishop. Thelocalorparticular churchmeans the (arch)diocese, the community of faithful gathered around the altar under its bishop. (The Catholic Church in Canada has a slightly different system, with regional instead of metropolitan appeals courts.). asceticism: a mode of life that excludes physical pleasures and self-indulgence. Catholics/Catholicism Priests in religious orders or congregations never receive the title of monsignor. Whether a woman religious is a nun or sister in a strict canonical sense, in news reporting it is appropriate to use the termSisteras the religious title before her name. It is sugar water which is used during the Khalsa initiation ceremony. In most contexts it can be called anarchdiocese, but if some legal distinction between Eastern and Latin Catholic jurisdictions is important, it may be necessary to introduce the term. An educational institution for men preparing for the priesthood. Deacons preparing for the priesthood aretransitional deacons. Religious priestsare professed members of a religious order or institute. Diocesan, orsecular,priestsare under the direction of their local bishop.

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