fetal heart tracing quiz 12

Fetal heart rate is a term that refers to a baby's heartbeat while they're in the uterus. For example, if there is a drop in FHR, and then 30 seconds later it rises again, this is more likely a deceleration than a fetal bradycardia. Understanding the physiology of fetal oxygenation and various influences on fetal heart rate control supports nurses, midwives, and physicians in interpreting and managing electronic fetal heart rate tracings during labor and birth. 32 weeks EGA: peak 15 bpm above baseline, duration 15 seconds but < 2 minutes from onset of the acceleration to return to baseline. It is important to recognize that FHR tracing patterns provide information only on the current acidbase status of the fetus. Contractions are classified as normal (no more than five contractions in a 10-minute period) or tachysystole (more than five contractions in a 10-minute period, averaged over a 30-minute window).11 Tachysystole is qualified by the presence or absence of decelerations, and it applies to spontaneous and stimulated labor. Abrupt increases in the FHR are associated with fetal movement or stimulation and are indicative of fetal well-being11 (Online Table B, Online Figure G). ____ Variable C.)> 15 bpm below basline for (They start and reach maximum value in less than 30 seconds.) Click here to access the Support and Feedback Form, Click here to access the Registration Form, Cell and Developmental Biology | U-M Medical School | U-M Health System, 2019 Regents of the University of Michigan. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. Whenever possible, they will implement measures to prevent an unfavorable outcome. *bpm = beats per minute. The NCC EFM Tracing Game is just one of the valuable tools in this digital EFM toolkit. 2, 3, 4 Recent developments in HRV measurements offer a non-invasive point-of-care assessment tool to predict cardiovascular instability Preterm contractions are usually painful. It can vary by 5 to 25 beats per minute. doi:10.1136/hrt.2005.069369. During a term antepartum NST (non-stress test), you notice several variable decelerations that decrease at least 15 bpm and last at least 15 secs long. MedlinePlus. Scroll down for another when you're done. that there is no text inside the tags. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is the most common OB procedure done?, What is the goal fo fetal monitoring?, What is the downside to fetal heart monitoring? ____ Late A.) After speaking directly with the physician, the next person in the chain of command you should communicate with is, The best placement for the tocodynamometer to pick up uterine contractions is the, When using a fetal scalp electrode (FSE) you notice an abnormally low FHR on the monitor. Talk with your healthcare provider if you're concerned about your babys heart rate or if your pregnancy is high-risk. Your doctor will explain the steps of the procedure. This is associated with certain maternal and fetal conditions, such as chorioamnionitis, fever, dehydration, and tachyarrhythmias. What reassuring sign is missing? What qualifies as a rapid fetal heart rate? fluid to the laboratory to screen the client for chlamydia b. send a sample of amniotic fluid to the laboratory to test for an elevated Rh-negative titer c. administer immune . Espinoza A, Lee W, Belfort M, Shamshirsaz A, Mastrobattista J, Espinoza J. Fetal tachycardia is an independent risk factor for chromosomal anomalies in firsttrimester genetic screening. Dont be overly alarmed if you dont hear your babys heartbeat by 10 or 11 weeks. On the NCLEX exam and in your maternity OB nursing lecture classes, you will have to know how to identify each fetal heart rate tone deceleration. (Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Practice Quizzes 1-5 - Electronic Fetal Monitoring Basic and Advanced Study Home About Self Guided Tutorial EFM In-Depth Assessments Fetal Tracing Index References Practice Quizzes 1-5 Try your hand at the following quizzes. Category II : Indeterminate. Electronic fetal monitoring is used to record the heartbeat of the fetus and the contractions of the mother's uterus before and during labor. Initiate oxygen at 6 to 10 L per minute, 5. Maladaptive Daydreaming Test: Am I A Maladaptive Daydreamer? We strive for 100% accuracy, but nursing procedures and state laws are constantly changing. file containing tags. What interventions would you take after evaluating this strip? determination of *fetal blood pH or lactate: scalp blood sample* What are the two most important characteristics of the FHR? Your program should process a Onset, depth, and duration commonly vary with successive uterine contractions. Healthcare providers usually start listening for a baby's heart rate at the 10- to 12-week prenatal visit using a Doppler machine. Fetal heart monitoring in labour: From Pinard to artificial intelligence. A change in baseline FHR is said to occur when the change persists for 10 minutes or longer. The Doppler machine is an example of external monitoring and can be used during prenatal visits or labor. NICDH definitions of decelerations: Remember to check out the additional resources below, including advice from our seasoned JFAC young physicians and links to ACOG wellness and clinical resources. selected each time a collection is played. Additionally, you may have difficulty detecting the heart rate even when the baby is perfectly fine. Intrapartum fetal monitoring was developed in the 1960s to identify events that might result in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, cerebral palsy, or fetal death. While EFM use may be common and widespread, there is controversy about its efficacy, interobserver and intraobserver variability, and management algorithms. It provides more precise readings that are not affected by the babys movement. In addition, you must know what is causing each type of deceleration, such as uteroplacental insufficiency or umbilical cord compression. What kind of variability and decelerations are seen in this strip?What interventions, if any, would you take after evaluating this strip? Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. to access the EFM tracing game and to take full advantage of all the resources available. Auscultation of the fetal heart rate (FHR) is performed by external or internal means. Patient information: See related handout on electronic fetal monitoring, written by the author of this article. Fetal heart rate monitoring may be performed exter-nally or internally. Must be for a minimum of 2 minutes in any 10-minute segment. They secure external sensors to the abdomen with an elastic belt or an electrode that resembles a round sticker. You have to lie down or sit in a reclined position for the test, which lasts about 20 minutes. A normal fetal heart rate is 110 - 160 beats per minute. Yes, and the strip is reactive. Quiz, Chapter 24: Adolescent Sexual Activity and Teenage Pregnancy. What happens if my prenatal doctor hears a fetal heart arrhythmia? Accelerations (A). Continuous EFM reduced neonatal seizures (NNT = 661), but not the occurrence of cerebral palsy. Compared with structured intermittent auscultation, a period of EFM on maternity unit admission results in a lack of improved neonatal outcomes and increased interventions, including epidural analgesia (NNH = 19), continuous EFM (NNH = 7), and fetal blood scalp testing (NNH = 45). What does it mean to have a "reactive strip"? The average fetal heart rate varies depending on the stage of pregnancy. What is the baseline of the FHT? Brandi is a nurse and the owner of Brandi Jones LLC. Remember, the baseline is the average heart rate rounded to the nearest five bpm. Light application of water to a turfgrass. Well be concluding our series with a review of Fetal Heart Tracings. You must know how to identify early decelerations, late decelerations, and variable decelerations. External monitoring is performed using a hand-held Doppler ultrasound probe to auscultate and count the. Best of luck! -also *commonly associated w oligohydramnios*, ___ are the most common periodic FHR pattern, *variable decels* Umbilical cord influences that can alter blood flow include true knots, hematomas, and the number of umbilical vessels. Place the Doppler over the area of maximal intensity of fetal heart tones, 3. a. Second-stage fetal heart rate abnormalities and type of neonatal acidemia. See our full, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window), Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window), IV Drug Use Complications & Dangers: (Endocarditis, Infection, Infectious Diseases). Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring - Freeman 2012 "Fetal heart rate monitoring is widely used by almost every obstetrician as a way to document the case and to help decrease health care costs. Here's generally what to expect: Weeks 10 to 12 of pregnancy are very exciting for expectant parents. Differentiate maternal pulse from fetal pulse, 4. Adequate documentation is necessary, and many institutions are now employing flow sheets (e.g., partograms), clinical pathways, or FHR tracing archival processes (in electronic records). Place the Doppler over the area of maximal intensity of fetal heart tones 3. -medicated through vagus nerve w sudden release of ACh at fetal SA node, resulting in characteristic sharp decel Assuming the same amount of 14C{ }^{14} \mathrm{C}14C was initially present in the artifact as is now contained in the fresh sample, determine the age of the artifact. Check out a suggested systematic approach from the AAFP below! What interventions would you take after evaluating this strip and why? presence of at least *2 accels, lasting for 15+ seconds* above baseline and peaking at 15+ bpm in a *20 min window*, >25 bpm variation Electronic fetal monitoring may help detect changes in normal FHR patterns during labor. Assessments - Electronic Fetal Monitoring Assessments Ready to test yourself? Content adapted from relevant ACOG Practice Bulletins and AAFP Guidelines. Find and create gamified quizzes, lessons, presentations, and flashcards for students, employees, and everyone else. When using external fetal heart monitoring, the fetal heart rate is generally best found by placing the monitor over the fetal _____. accelerations: present or absent, -bradycardia not accompanied by absent baseline variability A stethoscope or fetoscope can be used by anyone after 20 or 22 weeks of pregnancy. Variability (V; Online Table B). - 160-200 generally well tolerated w normal variability, Contraction forces are usually reported as, montevideo units *(MVUs)*: represent *total intensity of each contraction over 10 min* period Conversely, hearing a fetal heart rate by home Doppler in certain situations may provide a false sense of security when medical attention is actually needed. However, the strength of contractions cannot always be accurately assessed from an external transducer and should be determined with an IUPC, if necessary. -prolonged decel *can be due to umbilical cord prolapse*. You scored 6 out of 6 correct. Your doctor analyzes FHR by examining a fetal heart tracing according to baseline, variability, accelerations, and decelerations. 1. Fetal heart rate patterns identify which fetuses are experiencing difficulties by measuring their cardiac and central nervous system responses to changes in blood pressure and gases. Compared with EFM alone, the addition of fetal electrocardiography analysis results in a reduction in operative vaginal deliveries (NNT = 50) and fetal scalp sampling (NNT = 33). You should first. She specializes in health and wellness writing including blogs, articles, and education. CVS: 8-12 weeks, checks genetic/biochemical abnormalities, and short waiting time. Acceleration Once I complete the Second Look, I know I'm ready to quiz. https://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Fetal-Heart-Rate-Monitoring-During-Labor?IsMobileSet=false Moderate. FHR tracing, nonstress test, and ultrasound Teen pregnancy and consent issues: mother has consent over anything related to her pregnancy but anything apart . It means your fetus is neurologically responsive and doesnt have an oxygen deficiency. The onset, nadir, and recovery of the deceleration usually coincide with the beginning, peak, and ending of the contraction, respectively.11 Early decelerations are nearly always benign and probably indicate head compression, which is a normal part of labor.15, Variable decelerations (Online Figure I), as the name implies, vary in terms of shape, depth, and timing in relationship to uterine contractions, but they are visually apparent, abrupt decreases in FHR.11 The decrease in FHR is at least 15 bpm and has a duration of at least 15 seconds to less than two minutes.11 Characteristics of variable decelerations include rapid descent and recovery, good baseline variability, and accelerations at the onset and at the end of the contraction (i.e., shoulders).11 When they are associated with uterine contractions, their onset, depth, and duration commonly vary with successive uterine contractions.11 Overall, variable decelerations are usually benign, and their physiologic basis is usually related to cord compression, with subsequent changes in peripheral vascular resistance or oxygenation.15 They occur especially in the second stage of labor, when cord compression is most common.15 Atypical variable decelerations may indicate fetal hypoxemia, with characteristic features that include late onset (in relation to contractions), loss of shoulders, and slow recovery.15. ET). Continuous EFM increased cesarean delivery rates overall (NNH = 20) and instrumental vaginal births (NNH = 33). Another area of interest is the use of computer analysis for key components of the fetal tracing,29 or decision analysis for the interpretation of the EFM tracing.30 These have not been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes.29,30 Fetal pulse oximetry was developed to continuously monitor fetal oxygenation during labor by using an internal monitor, requiring rupture of membranes.31 Trials have not demonstrated a reduction in cesarean delivery rates or interventions with the use of fetal pulse oximetry.31. For more information on the use, interpretation and management of patients based on Fetal Heart Tracings check out the resources below. Quiz: How to Boost Your Pregnancy Chances? Health care professionals play the game to hone and test their EFM knowledge and skills. Every piece of content at Flo Health adheres to the highest editorial standards for language, style, and medical accuracy. Continuous electronic fetal monitoring (EFM), using external or internal transducers, became a part of routine maternity care during the 1970s; by 2002, about 85 percent of live births (3.4 million out of 4 million) were monitored by it.1 Continuous EFM has led to an increase in cesarean delivery and instrumental vaginal births; however, the incidences of neonatal mortality and cerebral palsy have not fallen, and a decrease in neonatal seizures is the only demonstrable benefit.2 The potential benefits and risks of continuous EFM and structured intermittent auscultation should be discussed during prenatal care and labor, and a decision reached by the pregnant woman and her physician, with the understanding that if intrapartum clinical situations warrant, continuous EFM may be recommended.3, There are several considerations when choosing a method of intrapartum fetal monitoring. NCC EFM Tracing Game. No. It is important to review the pressure tracing before assessing the fetal tracing to accurately interpret decelerations. External and internal heart rate monitoring of the fetus. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19546798 Periodic changes in FHR, as they relate to uterine contractions, are decelerations that are classified as recurrent if they occur with 50 percent or more of contractions in a 20-minute period, and intermittent if they occur with less than 50 percent of contractions.11 The decrease in FHR is calculated from the onset to the nadir of the deceleration. Abrupt decrease, > 15 bpm, In addition, she explains how to identify each decelerations which makes learning this material very easy to remember. BASIC Fetal Heart Monitoring This workshop was developed for the RN with 0-6 months experience in L&D. The course will define methods of monitoring, instrumentation, physiology and pathophysiology of the FHR, FHR characteristics, as well as review common antenatal testing methods. For additional quantities, please contact [emailprotected] External monitoring (unless noted differently), paper speed is 3cm/min. Absent. Normal variations in fetal heart rate occur when the baby is moving or asleep. The physiology behind late deceleration is uteroplacental insufficiency.16,17 Transient late deceleration patterns may be seen with maternal hypotension or uterine hyperstimulation. Copyright 2023 RegisteredNurseRN.com. E Jauniaux, F Prefumo. . Have you tested your EFM skills lately? Monitoring fetal heart rate during pregnancy has been a focus for doctors and midwives since the 1800s. Basic 5 areas to cover in FHR description: 1) baseline rate 2) baseline FHR variability: absent, minimal (<5), moderate/normal (6-25bpm), marked >25bpm 3) presence of accelerations 4) periodic or episodic decels 5) changed or trends in FHR patterns over time Common causes of FHR >160? Additionally, an Apgar score of less than 7 at five minutes, low cord arterial pH (less than 7.20), and neonatal and maternal hospital stays greater than three days were reduced.22, Tocolytic agents such as terbutaline (formerly Brethine) may be used to transiently stop contractions, with the understanding that administration of these agents improved FHR tracings compared with untreated control groups, but there were no improvements in neonatal outcomes.23 A recent study showed a significant effect of maternal oxygen on increasing fetal oxygen in abnormal FHR patterns.24. The average rate ranges from 110 to 160 beats per minute (bpm), with a variation of 5 to 25 bpm. Therefore, it is a vital clue in determining the overall fetal condition. Braxton Hicks vs. Real Contractions: How to Tell the Difference? Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever) Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. Depending on the stage of pregnancy, different tests will be used to clarify the problem. #shorts #anatomy. Theyre empowered by these results to intervene and hopefully prevent an adverse outcome. Category II tracings may represent an appreciable fraction of those encountered in clinical care. Your obstetrician reviews the fetal heart tracing at regular time intervals. Obstetrician-Gynecologist, Medical Consultant, https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/fetal-heart-monitoring This content is owned by the AAFP. They really aren't intended for home monitoring. This lets your healthcare provider see how your baby is doing. The NCC EFM Tracing Game is part of the free online EFM toolkit at NCC-EFM.org. While handheld fetal Dopplers are available over the counter, it is best to consult your healthcare provider before using one. She is the former chief of obstetrics-gynecology at Yale Health. FHR: fetal heart rate; bpm: beats per minute. Currently she serves as President of the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics (APGO). - 80-100 is non reassuring, <80 is ominous and may presage death Your doctor can confirm the likelihood of hypoxic injury using fetal heart tracing. Depending on your health status and your babys, nonstress tests (one to two times a week, if not daily) might be a good idea. Injection Gone Wrong: Can You Spot The Mistakes? With a Doppler ultrasound, for example, an ultrasound probe is fastened to your stomach. *fetal stimulation: digital scalp stim, vibroacoustic stim* Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Electronic fetal monitoring may help detect changes in normal FHR patterns during labor. Read our. An induction process for inflorescence development, b. -can start before, during or after contraction starts Most external monitors use a Doppler device with computerized logic to interpret and count the Doppler signals. Corticosteroid administration may cause an increase in FHR accelerations. The FHR normally exhibits variability, with an average change of 6 to 25 bpm of the baseline rate, and is linked to the fetal central nervous system. Are there decelerations present? You can check out all our previous content here if you didnt get a chance to see it. Electronic fetal monitoring is performed in a hospital or doctors office. Prenatal care in your first trimester. Marked. Effects of prenatal stress on pregnancy and human development: Mechanisms and pathways. -acceleration in response means that acidosis is unlikely Tracings of the normal fetal heart rate are between 120 and 160. Abnormal fetal acidbase status cannot be ruled out. The recommendations for the overall management of FHR tracings by NICHD, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and ACOG agree that interpretation is reproducible at the extreme ends of the fetal monitor strip spectrum.10 For example, the presence of a normal baseline rate with FHR accelerations or moderate variability predicts the absence of fetal acidemia.10,11 Bradycardia, absence of variability and accelerations, and presence of recurrent late or variable decelerations may predict current or impending fetal asphyxia.10,11 However, more than 50 percent of fetal strips fall between these two extremes, in which overall recommendations cannot be made reliably.10 In the 2008 revision of the NICHD tracing definitions, a three-category system was adopted: normal (category I), indeterminate (category II), and abnormal (category III).11 Category III tracings need intervention to resolve the abnormal tracing or to move toward expeditious delivery.11 In the ALSO course, using the DR C BRAVADO approach, the FHR tracing may be classified using the stoplight algorithm (Figure 19), which corresponds to the NICHD categories.9,11 Interventions are determined by placing the FHR tracing in the context of the specific clinical situation and corresponding NICHD category, fetal reserve, and imminence of delivery (Table 4).9,11, If the FHR tracing is normal, structured intermittent auscultation or continuous EFM techniques can be employed in a low-risk patient, although reconsideration may be necessary as labor progresses.2 If the FHR tracing is abnormal, interventions such as position changes, maternal oxygenation, and intravenous fluid administration may be used. Category III tracings are associated with fetal acidemia, cerebral palsy and encephalopathy and require expedient intervention If intrauterine resuscitation (eg. -*associated w decreased or absent FHR variability*, 110-160 bpm Occasional use of Dopplers by a healthcare provider is considered safe. -prolonged decel >2 min but <10 min Here's what University of Michigan Medical Students said about the SecondLookTM concept: "The Second Look (files) have been a godsend. Typically performed in the later stages of pregnancy and during labor, fetal heart tracing results can say a lot about the health of your baby. Print Worksheet. may have other tags inside, for example. Rhythm abnormalities of the fetus. The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists. Relevant ACOG Resources. Gradual decrease; nadir Avoid fetal "keepsake" images, heartbeat monitors. -*occur in presence of normal FHR variability* Any written information on the tracing (e.g., emergent situations during labor) should coincide with these automated processes to minimize litigation risk.21, Table 5 lists intrauterine resuscitation interventions for abnormal EFM tracings.9 Management will depend on assessment of the risk of hypoxia and the ability to effect a rapid delivery, when necessary. Determine Risk (DR). To provide a systematic approach to interpreting the electronic fetal monitor tracing, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development convened a workshop in 2008 to revise the accepted definitions for electronic fetal monitor tracing. Bulk pricing was not found for item. This system can be used in conjunction with the Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics course mnemonic, DR C BRAVADO, to assist in the systematic interpretation of fetal monitoring. coincides with the peak of That being said, its still critical for you to know how to interpret a strip. The average rate ranges from 110 to 160 beats per minute (bpm), with a variation of 5 to 25 bpm. Hornberger, L. K., & Sahn, D. J. Mucus plug: What is it and how do you know you've lost it during pregnancy? *bpm = beats per minute. The interpretation of the fetal heart rate tracing should follow a systematic approach with a full qualitative and quantitative description. Decrease in FHR from the baseline that is 15 bpm or more, lasting 2 minutes or more but less than 10 minutes in duration. A term, low-risk baby may have higher reserves than a fetus that is preterm, growth restricted, or exposed to uteroplacental insufficiency because of preeclampsia. Tracing patterns can and will change! Exerc Sport Sci Rev. With the help of this fetal heart monitoring trivia quiz and the questions accompanying it, you will know all about the process of fetal heart monitoring which exists to let you and your doctor see exactly how fast your unborn baby's heart is beating. . Obstet Gynecol 1987; 70:191. The first uses Doppler ultrasound to monitor FHR patterns, while the second measures the duration and frequency of uterine contractions. Decelerations represent a decrease in FHR of more than 15 bpm in bandwidth amplitude. --bradycardia Stillbirth and Gestational Diabetes: How to Lower Your Risk, Autism Risks Related to Pregnancy and Birth, Fetal heart monitoring in labour: From Pinard to artificial intelligence, FIGO consensus guidelines on intrapartum fetal monitoring: Cardiotocography, What happens if my prenatal doctor hears a fetal heart arrhythmia, External and internal heart rate monitoring of the fetus, Avoid fetal "keepsake" images, heartbeat monitors, Fetal tachycardia is an independent risk factor for chromosomal anomalies in firsttrimester genetic screening, Impact of maternal exercise during pregnancy on offspring chronic disease susceptibility, Effects of prenatal stress on pregnancy and human development: Mechanisms and pathways, Maternal intake of medications, caffeine, or nicotine, Maternal age (teens or women over age 35), A baby with health concerns or chromosomal abnormalities. The term hyperstimulation is no longer accepted, and this terminology should be abandoned.11. Yes. In 2013, researchers proposed an algorithm for the management of category II fetal heart tracings. American Pregnancy Association. The fetus in this tracing also has fetal tachycardia, or an elevated heart rate of 170 -175 beats per minute over a 10 minute period of time. -variable decels w no other characteristics, -*absent baseline variability and any of following*: -*considered significantly non-reassuring, esp when repetitive and associated w decreased variability*, Repetitive late decelerations are defined as, occurring *after 50%+ of contractions in a 20 min* period, *uteroplacental insufficiency*, as a result of eitehr decreased uterine perfusion or decreased placental function When you've finished these first five, here are five more. Coussons-Read ME. Strongly predictive of normal acid-base status at the time of observation. Continuous monitoring of your babys heart rate is conducted during labor and delivery as well. What is the baseline of the FHT? None. The resulting printout is known as a fetal heart tracing, which will be read and analyzed. It can provide lots of information about your babys health during pregnancy. Subtle, shallow late decelerations can be difficult to visualize, but can be detected by holding a straight edge along the baseline. (2007). What kind of decelerations and variability does this strip show? -tachycardia, -minimal baseline variability - When considering the effectiveness of Electronic Fetal Monitoring, it comes down to the experience and knowledge of the person identifying the tracings. *moderate baseline variability* *reflex late decels*: thought to be in response to vagal stimulation by chemoreceptors in fetal head in response to low oxygen They do a great job of both teaching and quizzing you on the relevant material. In case of ECM tracing w decreased or absent variability (high false + rates), you can do what ancillary tests? ACOG recommends using a three-tiered system for the categorization of FHR patterns. Join the nursing revolution. As a result of the intrinsic fetal response to oxygen deprivation, increased catecholamine levels cause the peripheral blood flow to decrease while the blood flows to vital organs increases. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/nonstress-test/about/pac-20384577 Create engaging Jeopardy-style quiz games in minutes or choose from millions of existing Jeopardy game templates. Sometimes, a fetal heart rate is abnormal because of something happening in the mothers body. What Does Deceleration During Labor Mean? By accessing any content on this site or its related media channels, you agree never to hold us liable for damages, harm, loss, or misinformation. The second half of the A. Intraobserver variability may play a major role in its interpretation.

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